E-Module Focused on Problem-Based Learning Incorporating Medicinal Plants from Riau for Teaching About the Digestive System

Abstract

The limited availability of diverse, engaging, and contextually relevant learning resources remains a challenge in biology education, particularly in facilitating students’ understanding of the digestive system. This study aimed to develop a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) electronic module integrating local medicinal plants from Riau for Grade XI students. A Research and Development (R&D) approach was employed using the Analyze, Design, and Development phases of the ADDIE model. Participants comprised 72 students from SMAN 2 Siak Hulu and SMAN 03 Siak Hulu, selected through purposive sampling, as well as three expert validators and two biology teachers. Data were collected through interviews, needs-assessment questionnaires, expert-validation forms, student-response questionnaires, and documentation and were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques. The electronic module achieved an overall validity score of 95%, comprising scores of 94% from the subject-matter expert and 96% each from the media and instructional experts. Student responses were also highly positive, with an overall score of 92% across visual design, readability, language, content, and presentation. These findings indicate that the developed electronic module is suitable as supplementary instructional material for teaching the digestive system. By integrating medicinal plants from Riau, the module contextualizes biological concepts within students’ familiar environment and offers a locally relevant resource for PBL-based instruction. Further research should undertake the Implementation and Evaluation phases of the ADDIE model and assess the module’s effectiveness in improving learning outcomes and other educational competencies.

Keywords: Digestive System; Electronic Module; Local Medicinal Plants; Problem-Based Learning; Riau Contextual Learning